Nat Commun. Foods to Boost the Immune System. Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine. Common Colds. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Published February 11, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, Prevention. What is a Sneeze? What Causes Sneezing? Sneezing happens when the mucous membranes in your nose or throat are irritated. These include 3 : Allergy to pollen hay fever , mold, dander, and dust A virus, like the common cold or flu Triggers such as dust, air pollution, dry air, spicy foods, and powders.
What happens if you sneeze with your eyes open? How to Treat Sneezing Symptoms. Sneezing treatments when due to allergies. If your sneezing is due to allergies, you can do any of the following: If the allergen is pollen, avoid areas with high pollen concentration, use air filters to reduce the pollen in the air indoors, and change your furnace filters frequently.
If the allergen is pet dander, remove pets from your home, keep them in a restricted location outside your home or living space, or frequently vacuum your home to avoid the buildup of fur as much as possible.
If the allergen is dust mites, regularly wash your sheets and towels in hot water to get rid of these organisms. These changes could trigger asthma symptoms an asthma episode or an asthma attack. Stay healthy and prevent infections. Talk to your allergist or asthma specialist if you have any questions or concerns.
Skip to main content. What Are the Different Types of Rhinitis? There are several types of rhinitis: Allergic rhinitis is caused by allergies to substances called allergens.
There are two types of allergic rhinitis: seasonal and perennial year-round. This type of rhinitis occurs mainly in the spring and fall, when pollen from trees, grasses and weeds are in the air. Perennial allergic rhinitis is caused by allergens that are present all year long. The primary causes of this type of rhinitis are allergies to dust mites , mold , animal dander and cockroach debris.
These can include ensuring your furnace filters are clean, using air filters to reduce the amount of pollen in indoor air, and washing your linens in hot water to kill dust mites. Respiratory tract infections, such as the common cold, can also cause sneezing.
Colds cause mucus production, which in turn stimulates various nerves within the nasal mucous membranes. This is one of the reasons it can sometimes be hard to distinguish a cold from allergies. In the case of a cold, histamine is not causing the sneezing, so most antihistamines won't help. However, those that can dry nasal secretions like Benadryl might.
Anticholinergic nasal sprays, such as Nasal Atrovent, can also help ease sneezing. Antihistamines combined with decongestants, analgesics, or both appear to have a small to moderate effect on cold symptoms in older children and adults, according to a study in the Canadian Medical Association Journal. Remember those old cartoons when black pepper was used to launch a character into a sneezing attack?
Black pepper acts as a chemical irritant on the nerves in the nasal mucosa, which causes sneezing. Other chemical irritants that cause sneezing include strong odors, perfumes, and tobacco smoke. These triggers cause non-allergic rhinitis , as there are no allergic antibodies behind the symptoms. Physical irritants such as bright sunlight can also cause sneezing. The nasoocular reflex involves a connection between the eyes and nose, which causes stimulation of nerves within the nasal mucous membranes.
Sneezing is the end result. Sneezing from chemical and physical irritants is not due to the release of histamine, so most antihistamines would not be expected to help in these cases either.
Instead, various nasal sprays, including nasal steroids, some nasal antihistamines, and anticholinergic nasal sprays may be helpful for treating sneezing caused by chemical and physical irritants. The best allergy medicine for sneezing is to see an allergist.
Work with your allergist to avoid your triggers and reduce symptoms. Both seasonal and year-round allergies can cause a runny, stuffy nose, and sneezing. Getting tested by a board-certified allergist is the first step to finding relief. An allergist will take a detailed medical history and review your symptoms to determine whether your allergies are triggered by pollens, animal dander, mold, dust mites, cockroaches, weather changes or something else.
Allergy tests are both convenient and accurate. When combined with a detailed medical history, allergy testing can identify the specific things that trigger your allergic reactions. If your runny, stuffy nose or sneezing is from allergies, the best remedy is to get your allergies under control. Once you have been tested and have identified your allergies, you can work on avoiding triggers and controlling your environment.
Anything that irritates or aggravates your nose can cause a runny nose, a stuffy nose or sneezing. Colds and the flu, which stem from infections, and other irritants can contribute too.
If your allergist rules out allergies, ask what else might be causing your nasal symptoms such as:. Runny Nose, Stuffy Nose, Sneezing.
On this page. Signs of Allergies Everyone sneezes.
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